The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted in 1992 at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. It is an international treaty aimed at addressing climate change through international cooperation. The UNFCCC sets a framework for governments to negotiate and implement actions that mitigate climate change, limit greenhouse gas emissions, and adapt to its impacts.

The UNFCCC holds annual Conferences of the Parties (COP), where member states gather to assess progress and set new targets. The most notable outcomes include the 1997 Kyoto Protocol and the 2015 Paris Agreement, where nations committed to limiting global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The UNFCCC also supports financial mechanisms like the Green Climate Fund to assist developing countries in transitioning to low-carbon economies. With growing concerns about global warming, the UNFCCC has become central to international efforts to combat climate change and ensure a sustainable future.